Monday, 6 October 2025

St Innocent, Metr. of Moscow / Holy Apostle Thomas

Monday of the 18th week after Pentecost

169 days after Pascha · Tone 8 · Red cross half-circle (vigil typikon symbol) · No Fast (Fish, Wine and Oil are Allowed)

Saints commemorated

★ Holy Apostle Thomas

One of the Twelve Apostles, he was a Galilean by birth. His name means “twin.” The twentieth chapter of St John’s Gospel describes how, when he doubted the appearance of the Risen Lord, Christ appeared to him again, saying “Reach hither thy hand, and thrust it into my side; and be not faithless, but believing,” at which Thomas cried out “My Lord and my God!” Through this one event the Holy Scriptures attest that Christ is risen bodily, not merely as a spirit, as some heresies claim; and that He is in fact God. After Pentecost, St Thomas proclaimed the Gospel in the East, and established the Christian faith as far as India, where the small remnant of the ancient Church still traces its foundation to him. According to some accounts he met a martyr’s end; according to others, he reposed in peace. St John Chrysostom mentions that his tomb was in Edessa in Syria; his relics may have been translated there from India in the fourth century.

Holy Martyr Erotiis of Cappadocia

Saint Erotiis, sometimes spelled Erotheis or Erothes, was a Christian woman of Cappadocia who suffered for Christ during one of the persecutions of the Roman emperors of the third or early fourth century. The accounts of her passion preserved in the Greek synaxaria are brief: arrested for her open confession of the faith, she was scourged with rods of iron and her body torn with claws, and at the last she gave up her soul to the Lord under the lash, joining the great cloud of witnesses who refused to deny Christ even unto death. Her name appears in the synaxaria of the Eastern Churches on this day together with the Holy Apostle Thomas, and she is honoured as one of the many anonymous and lesser-known martyrs of Asia Minor whose memory the Church preserves so that no servant of Christ should be forgotten before God.

Holy and glorious Apostle Thomas

Saint Thomas, called Didymus or "the Twin", was one of the Twelve Apostles of the Lord, born in the Galilean town of Pansada and a fisherman by trade. The Gospel of Saint John records his fervour, his despondency at the Lord's death, and his celebrated absence from the upper room on the evening of the Resurrection, when he refused to believe the report of the other apostles unless he might see and touch the wounds of Christ. Eight days later the Risen Lord appeared to him with the words "Reach hither thy finger and behold my hands; and reach hither thy hand and thrust it into my side", drawing from him the great confession "My Lord and my God." After Pentecost the lot of evangelism fell to Thomas to take the Gospel into the East. Tradition relates that he preached to the Parthians, Medes, Persians and Hyrcanians, and travelled into India, where he founded Christian communities along the Malabar coast and on the Coromandel coast. At Mylapore, near modern Madras, he was pierced through with five spears about the year 72 after converting the wife and son of the local king. The faithful of Saint Thomas in India trace their origin to him, and his relics were later translated to Edessa in Mesopotamia.

Saint Cendaeus the Hermit of Cyprus

Saint Cendaeus, also called Kendeas, lived as a hermit on the island of Cyprus, traditionally placed in the early Christian centuries. The few details that survive of his life suggest that he came from Palestine and dwelt at first in a cave in the region of Paphos in western Cyprus, where he gave himself wholly to prayer, fasting and the contemplation of God. After many years of solitary struggle he made his way across the island to the village of Avgorou in the eastern district of Famagusta, where he ended his days in further ascetic labour. After his repose his relics began to exude a sweet fragrance and to work many miracles, particularly for the healing of the sick, so that the faithful built a church over the site of his cave. A monastery sprang up around the shrine, and in modern times, after suffering damage during the upheavals of the twentieth century, the community of nuns rebuilt the cells, and the saint's intercession continues to draw pilgrims to Cyprus. A portion of his relics is preserved at Kykkos Monastery.

Saint Innocent, Metropolitan of Moscow, Enlightener of the Aleuts and Apostle to America

Born John Popov-Veniaminov in 1797 in the Siberian village of Anginsk in the Irkutsk Diocese, the future Saint Innocent was educated at the Irkutsk seminary and ordained priest in 1821. The following year, with his wife and family, he answered a call for missionaries to Russian America, sailing across the Sea of Okhotsk and the Bering Sea to the island of Unalaska in the Aleutian chain. There he laboured among the Aleuts and the Tlingit, learning their languages, devising an alphabet for them, translating the Gospel of Saint Matthew and the Catechism, and building a church with his own hands. After his wife's death he received the monastic tonsure with the name Innocent and in 1840 was consecrated as the first Bishop of Kamchatka, the Kuriles and the Aleutian Islands, eventually becoming archbishop and overseeing a vast missionary territory stretching from Alaska to the Amur. In 1868 he succeeded his friend Saint Philaret of Drozdov as Metropolitan of Moscow, founding the Russian Orthodox Missionary Society. He reposed on Holy Saturday 1879. He was glorified by the Russian Church on 6 October 1977 and is honoured especially in the Orthodox Church in America as the apostle to its land.

Daily readings

Vespers

OT — Composite 2 - Proverbs 10, 3, 8

The memory of a just man is praised, and the Lord’s blessing is upon his head. Blessed is one who has found wisdom; a mortal who knows understanding. To import her is better than treasures of gold and silver. She is more valuable than precious stones; nothing of value equals her worth. Justice proceeds from her mouth; she bears law and mercy on her tongue. Therefore, my children, listen to me, for I speak weighty things. And blessed is the one who keeps my ways. For my goings out are the goings out of life, and favour is prepared from the Lord. Therefore I exhort you, and utter my voice to the children of humankind. Because I, Wisdom, have prepared counsel, knowledge and understanding. I have called on them. Counsel and sureness are mine; prudence is mine, strength is mine. I love those who are my friends, while those who seek me will find grace. You innocent, then, understand cunning; you untaught, take it to heart. Listen to me, for I will speak weighty things, and I will open right things from my lips. Because my throat will meditate truth; lying lips are abominable before me. All the words of my mouth are with justice, there is nothing crooked in them nor twisted. They are all straight for those who understand, and right for those who find knowledge. For I teach you what is true, that your hope may be in the Lord and that you may be filled with spirit.

Vespers

OT — Composite 3 - Wisdom of Solomon 4, 5

A just man if he comes to his end will be at rest. A just man who dies will condemn the ungodly who are alive; for they will see the end of a just man and will not understand what they counselled concerning him. For the Lord will break the ungodly, render them voiceless and cast them headlong, and he will shake them from the foundations and they will be utterly worsted in sorrow, and their memory shall perish. They shall come with fear at the accounting of their sins, and their iniquities will convict them to their face. Then the just will stand with much boldness in the face of those who afflicted him and made his toils of no account. When they see this they will be troubled with great fear and will be amazed at the wonder of his salvation. For they will say as they repent and with anguish they will groan and say: Is this he whom we fools once made a laughing stock and a byword of reproach? We reckoned his life folly and his end dishonour. How has he been numbered among the children of God and his lot with the Saints? Therefore we have erred from the way of truth and the light of righteousness has not shone on us and the sun has not dawned on us. We have been filled with paths of lawlessness and destruction and journeyed through trackless paths, but have not known the way of the Lord.

Vespers

OT — Composite 4 - Proverbs 10; Wisdom of Solomon 6, 7, 8, 9

The mouth of a just man distils wisdom; the lips of men know graces. The mouth of the wise meditates wisdom; justice delivers them from death. When a just man dies hope is not lost; for a just son is born for life, and among his good things he will pluck the fruit of justice. There is light at all times for the just, and they will find grace and glory from the Lord. The tongue of the wise knows what is good, and wisdom will take its rest in their hearts. The Lord loves holy hearts; while all who are blameless in the way are acceptable to him. The wisdom of the Lord will enlighten the face of the understanding; for she anticipates those who desire her before they know it, and is easily contemplated by those who love her. One who rises for her at dawn will not toil, and one who keeps vigil because of her will be without care. For she goes about seeking those who are worthy of her, and shows herself favourably to those on her paths. Wickedness will never prevail against wisdom. Because of this I too became a lover of her beauty and became her friend, and I sought her out from my youth, and I sought to take her as my bride, because the Master of all things loved her, for she is an initiate of the knowledge of God and one who chooses his works. Her toils are virtues; she herself teaches sobriety and prudence; justice and courage, than which things nothing is more useful in human life. If anyone longs for much experience, she knows how to compare things of old and those that are to come. She knows the twists of words and the explanations of riddles. She foresees signs and wonders and the outcomes of seasons and times. And to all she is a good counsellor. Because immortality is in her, and fame in the fellowship of her words. Therefore I appealed to the Lord and besought him and said from my whole heart, ‘God of my Fathers and Lord of mercy, who made all things by your Word, and established humanity by your Wisdom to be sovereign over the creatures that had come into being by you, and to order the world in holiness and justice, give me Wisdom who sits by your throne, and do not reject me from among your children, for I am your servant and the son of your maid servant. Send her out from your holy dwelling and from the throne of your glory, that she may be present with me and teach me what is well pleasing before you. And she will guide me with knowledge and guard me with her glory. For all the thoughts of mortals are wretched and their ideas are unstable.’

Matins Gospel

John — John 10.1-9

¹Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that entereth not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber.

¹Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that entereth not by the door into the fold of the sheep, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber. ²But he that entereth in by the door is the shepherd of the sheep. ²But he that entereth in by the door is the shepherd of the sheep. ³To him the porter openeth; and the sheep hear his voice: and he calleth his own sheep by name, and leadeth them out. ³To him the porter openeth; and the sheep hear his voice: and he calleth his own sheep by name, and leadeth them out. ⁴And when he putteth forth his own sheep, he goeth before them, and the sheep follow him: for they know his voice. ⁴When he hath put forth all his own, he goeth before them, and the sheep follow him: for they know his voice. ⁵And a stranger will they not follow, but will flee from him: for they know not the voice of strangers. ⁵And a stranger will they not follow, but will flee from him: for they know not the voice of strangers. ⁶This parable spake Jesus unto them: but they understood not what things they were which he spake unto them. ⁶This parable spake Jesus unto them: but they understood not what things they were which he spake unto them.

⁷Jesus therefore said unto them again, Verily, verily, I say unto you, I am the door of the sheep. ⁷Then said Jesus unto them again, Verily, verily, I say unto you, I am the door of the sheep. ⁸All that ever came before me are thieves and robbers: but the sheep did not hear them. ⁸All that came before me are thieves and robbers: but the sheep did not hear them. ⁹I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture. ⁹I am the door; by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and go out, and shall find pasture.

Epistle

weekly cycle

Ephesians — Ephesians 4.25-32

²⁵Wherefore, putting away falsehood, speak ye truth each one with his neighbor: for we are members one of another.

²⁵Wherefore putting away lying, speak every man truth with his neighbour: for we are members one of another. ²⁶Be ye angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon your wrath: ²⁶Be ye angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon your wrath: ²⁷neither give place to the devil. ²⁷Neither give place to the devil. ²⁸Let him that stole steal no more: but rather let him labor, working with his hands the thing that is good, that he may have whereof to give to him that hath need. ²⁸Let him that stole steal no more: but rather let him labour, working with his hands the thing which is good, that he may have to give to him that needeth. ²⁹Let no corrupt speech proceed out of your mouth, but such as is good for edifying as the need may be, that it may give grace to them that hear. ²⁹Let no corrupt communication proceed out of your mouth, but that which is good to the use of edifying, that it may minister grace unto the hearers. ³⁰And grieve not the Holy Spirit of God, in whom ye were sealed unto the day of redemption. ³⁰And grieve not the holy Spirit of God, whereby ye are sealed unto the day of redemption. ³¹Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice: ³¹Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and railing, be put away from you, with all malice: ³²and be ye kind one to another, tenderhearted, forgiving each other, even as God also in Christ forgave you. ³²And be ye kind one to another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, even as God for Christ’s sake hath forgiven you.

Epistle

— St Innocent

Hebrews — Hebrews 7.26-8.2

²⁶For such a high priest became us, holy, guileless, undefiled, separated from sinners, and made higher than the heavens; ²⁶For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens; ²⁷who needeth not daily, like those high priests, to offer up sacrifices, first for his own sins, and then for the sins of the people: for this he did once for all, when he offered up himself. ²⁷Who needeth not daily, as those high priests, to offer up sacrifice, first for his own sins, and then for the people’s: for this he did once, when he offered up himself. ²⁸For the law appointeth men high priests, having infirmity; but the word of the oath, which was after the law, appointeth a Son, perfected for evermore. ²⁸For the law maketh men high priests which have infirmity; but the word of the oath, which was since the law, maketh the Son, who is consecrated for evermore.

¹Now of the things which we have spoken this is the sum: We have such an high priest, who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens;

¹Now in the things which we are saying the chief point is this: We have such a high priest, who sat down on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens, ²a minister of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, not man. ²A minister of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, and not man.

Gospel

weekly cycle

Luke — Luke 6.24-30

²⁴But woe unto you that are rich! for ye have received your consolation. ²⁴But woe unto you that are rich! for ye have received your consolation. ²⁵Woe unto you that are full! for ye shall hunger. Woe unto you that laugh now! for ye shall mourn and weep. ²⁵Woe unto you, ye that are full now! for ye shall hunger. Woe unto you, ye that laugh now! for ye shall mourn and weep. ²⁶Woe unto you, when all men shall speak well of you! for so did their fathers to the false prophets. ²⁶Woe unto you, when all men shall speak well of you! for in the same manner did their fathers to the false prophets.

²⁷But I say unto you which hear, Love your enemies, do good to them which hate you,

²⁷But I say unto you that hear, Love your enemies, do good to them that hate you, ²⁸Bless them that curse you, and pray for them which despitefully use you. ²⁸bless them that curse you, pray for them that despitefully use you. ²⁹And unto him that smiteth thee on the one cheek offer also the other; and him that taketh away thy cloke forbid not to take thy coat also. ²⁹To him that smiteth thee on the one cheek offer also the other; and from him that taketh away thy cloak withhold not thy coat also. ³⁰Give to every man that asketh of thee; and of him that taketh away thy goods ask them not again. ³⁰Give to every one that asketh thee; and of him that taketh away thy goods ask them not again.

Gospel

— St Innocent

John — John 10.9-16

⁹I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture. ⁹I am the door; by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and go out, and shall find pasture. ¹⁰The thief cometh not, but for to steal, and to kill, and to destroy: I am come that they might have life, and that they might have it more abundantly. ¹⁰The thief cometh not, but that he may steal, and kill, and destroy: I came that they may have life, and may have it abundantly. ¹¹I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep. ¹¹I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd layeth down his life for the sheep. ¹²But he that is an hireling, and not the shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, seeth the wolf coming, and leaveth the sheep, and fleeth: and the wolf catcheth them, and scattereth the sheep. ¹²He that is a hireling, and not a shepherd, whose own the sheep are not, beholdeth the wolf coming, and leaveth the sheep, and fleeth, and the wolf snatcheth them, and scattereth them: ¹³The hireling fleeth, because he is an hireling, and careth not for the sheep. ¹³he fleeth because he is a hireling, and careth not for the sheep. ¹⁴I am the good shepherd, and know my sheep, and am known of mine. ¹⁴I am the good shepherd; and I know mine own, and mine own know me, ¹⁵even as the Father knoweth me, and I know the Father; and I lay down my life for the sheep. ¹⁵As the Father knoweth me, even so know I the Father: and I lay down my life for the sheep. ¹⁶And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice; and there shall be one fold, and one shepherd. ¹⁶And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring, and they shall hear my voice; and they shall become one flock, one shepherd.