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Friday, 1 August 2025

Procession of the Lifegiving Cross; 7 Maccabean Martyrs

Friday of the 8th week after Pentecost

103 days after Pascha · Tone 6 · Red squigg (doxology typikon symbol) · Dormition Fast (Wine and Oil are Allowed)

Saints commemorated

Procession of the Honourable Wood of the Life-Giving Cross of the Lord

1164

This feast, the first of the three "Feasts of the Saviour" in August, originated in Constantinople, where the precious wood of the True Cross, kept in the imperial treasury, was brought out each year on 31 July and laid upon the altar of the Great Church of Hagia Sophia. From 1 August until the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos on 15 August, the Cross was carried in procession through the streets and squares of the imperial city for the sanctification of the people and for relief from the sicknesses commonly occurring in the heat of August. At each station the faithful came forward to venerate the wood and to receive the Lesser Blessing of Water, which became permanently associated with this day. The custom is recorded from at least the ninth century in the church books of Constantinople, and after the recovery of the relics by the Emperor Herakleios in 629, following their seizure by the Persians, devotion to the True Cross in the capital intensified. In the Russian Church a further commemoration was joined to the day, recalling the victory granted to Saint Andrew Bogoliubsky over the Volga Bulgars and to the Greek Emperor Manuel over the Saracens in the year 1164, both having been won on 1 August through the intercession of the Cross and the Mother of God. The day is now also observed as the beginning of the Dormition Fast, a fourteen-day period of preparation for the feast of the Theotokos, and in many parishes the Lesser Blessing of Water is performed at the conclusion of the Liturgy.

Beginning of the Dormition Fast

The Dormition Fast is the shortest and one of the strictest of the four canonical fasts of the Orthodox Church year, observed from 1 August until the eve of the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos on 15 August. It prepares the faithful for the great feast of the Mother of God's repose and translation, which the Church understands as the second Pascha and the first-fruits of the resurrection promised to all who are united to her Son. The fast is observed with abstention from meat, dairy products, fish, oil and wine, with oil and wine permitted on Saturdays and Sundays, and fish allowed on the feast of the Transfiguration on 6 August, which falls within the period. The Church of Constantinople fixed the length and rule of the fast at the local council held in Constantinople in 1166 under Patriarch Luke Chrysoberges, settling earlier disputes over its duration. During these days the Paraklesis or Service of Supplication to the Theotokos is sung each evening in cathedrals, monasteries and parishes, the Greater and Lesser canons being chanted on alternating nights. The fast begins on the day of the Procession of the Cross, by which the Church places the Mother under the shadow of the Cross of her Son, and ends with her glorification, teaching the faithful that fasting and prayer are the path by which the body and soul are made ready for the vision of God.

Holy Seven Maccabean Martyrs, their mother Solomonia and their teacher Eleazar

166

The seven Maccabean brothers, Abimus, Antoninus, Gurias, Eleazar, Eusebonus, Achim and Marcellus, together with their mother Solomonia and their teacher, the priest and scribe Eleazar, suffered for the law of God in the year 166 BC under the impious Syrian king Antiochus IV Epiphanes. The king, devoted to Hellenic customs, sought to compel the Jews to abandon the Mosaic Law and to take part in pagan sacrifices. The aged Eleazar, ninety years old and revered as a teacher of the people, was the first to be commanded to eat swine's flesh in violation of the Law. When he refused, even rejecting an offer to feign compliance by substituting other meat, he was tortured and put to death, leaving an example of fidelity for the young. The seven brothers, his pupils, were brought before the king one after another and exhorted to obey. Each in turn confessed his faith in the God of Israel, rebuked the king for his cruelty, and went to torments and execution before the eyes of his mother. Antiochus, hoping that maternal love might prevail where threats had failed, asked Solomonia to persuade her youngest to yield, but she encouraged him instead to follow his brothers. When all seven had been killed, she stood over their bodies, raised her hands in prayer to God, and gave up her own soul. Their martyric deaths inspired Judas Maccabeus to lead a revolt that purified the Temple in Jerusalem, an event recorded in the Second Book of Maccabees and read by the Church as a foreshadowing of Christian witness under persecution.

St Nicholas, enlightener of Japan

1912

Born in Russia in 1836, he became one of the great Orthodox missionaries of modern times. As a boy, he resolved to become a missionary in the far East. With the counsel and blessing of Bishop Innocent of Siberia and Alaska, he went to Japan in 1861 and joined a small Russian mission there. Though the mission’s official purpose was to minister to the Russian consular community, the consul-general who invited Hieromonk Nikolai hoped to bring the light of the Orthodox Faith to the Japanese people as well. Realizing that he could only hope to convert the Japanese people if they understood one another well, Fr Nikolai immersed himself in the study of Japanese thought, culture and language. Over the course of his life he translated most of the Bible and most of the Orthodox services into Japanese, and became a fluent speaker of the language. He encountered much resistance: Preaching of Christian doctrine was officially banned in Japan, and a Samurai once approached him with the words “Foreigners must die!” It was this same Samurai who later became his first Japanese priest. In 1880 he was elevated to Bishop of Japan. During the Russo-Japanese war he remained in Japan and labored successfully to overcome nationalist strife that might have harmed or destroyed the Church in Japan. He encouraged all his Japanese faithful to pray for the Japanese armed forces, though he explained that as a Russian he could not do so, and excluded himself from all public services for the duration of the war. He sent Russian-speaking Japanese priests to the prison camps to minister to Russian prisoners of war. At the time of his repose in 1912, after forty-eight years in Japan, St Nikolai left a Cathedral, eight churches, more than 400 chapels and meeting houses, 34 priests, 8 deacons, 115 lay catechists, and 34,110 Orthodox faithful. The Church of Japan is now an autonomous Orthodox Church under the mantle of the Moscow Patriarchate.

Daily readings

Epistle

weekly cycle

1 Corinthians — 1 Corinthians 11.8-22

8For the man is not of the woman; but the woman of the man: 8For the man is not of the woman; but the woman of the man. 9for neither was the man created for the woman; but the woman for the man: 9Neither was the man created for the woman; but the woman for the man. 10for this cause ought the woman to have a sign of authority on her head, because of the angels. 10For this cause ought the woman to have power on her head because of the angels. 11Nevertheless, neither is the woman without the man, nor the man without the woman, in the Lord. 11Nevertheless neither is the man without the woman, neither the woman without the man, in the Lord. 12For as the woman is of the man, even so is the man also by the woman; but all things of God. 12For as the woman is of the man, so is the man also by the woman; but all things are of God. 13Judge in yourselves: is it comely that a woman pray unto God uncovered? 13Judge ye in yourselves: is it seemly that a woman pray unto God unveiled? 14Doth not even nature itself teach you, that, if a man have long hair, it is a dishonor to him? 14Doth not even nature itself teach you, that, if a man have long hair, it is a shame unto him? 15But if a woman have long hair, it is a glory to her: for her hair is given her for a covering. 15But if a woman have long hair, it is a glory to her: for her hair is given her for a covering. 16But if any man seemeth to be contentious, we have no such custom, neither the churches of God. 16But if any man seem to be contentious, we have no such custom, neither the churches of God.

17Now in this that I declare unto you I praise you not, that ye come together not for the better, but for the worse.

17But in giving you this charge, I praise you not, that ye come together not for the better but for the worse. 18For first of all, when ye come together in the church, I hear that divisions exist among you; and I partly believe it. 18For first of all, when ye come together in the church, I hear that there be divisions among you; and I partly believe it. 19For there must be also heresies among you, that they which are approved may be made manifest among you. 19For there must be also factions among you, that they that are approved may be made manifest among you. 20When ye come together therefore into one place, this is not to eat the Lord’s supper. 20When therefore ye assemble yourselves together, it is not possible to eat the Lord’s supper: 21for in your eating each one taketh before other his own supper; and one is hungry, and another is drunken. 21For in eating every one taketh before other his own supper: and one is hungry, and another is drunken. 22What? have ye not houses to eat and to drink in? or despise ye the church of God, and shame them that have not? What shall I say to you? shall I praise you in this? I praise you not. 22What, have ye not houses to eat and to drink in? or despise ye the church of God, and put them to shame that have not? What shall I say to you? shall I praise you? In this I praise you not.

Epistle

— Cross

1 Corinthians — 1 Corinthians 1.18-24

18For the preaching of the cross is to them that perish foolishness; but unto us which are saved it is the power of God.

18For the word of the cross is to them that perish foolishness; but unto us who are saved it is the power of God. 19For it is written, I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and will bring to nothing the understanding of the prudent. 19For it is written, I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, And the discernment of the discerning will I bring to nought. 20Where is the wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not God made foolish the wisdom of this world?

20Where is the wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? 21For after that in the wisdom of God the world by wisdom knew not God, it pleased God by the foolishness of preaching to save them that believe. 21For seeing that in the wisdom of God the world through its wisdom knew not God, it was God’s good pleasure through the foolishness of the preaching to save them that believe. 22For the Jews require a sign, and the Greeks seek after wisdom: 22Seeing that Jews ask for signs, and Greeks seek after wisdom: 23But we preach Christ crucified, unto the Jews a stumblingblock, and unto the Greeks foolishness; 23but we preach Christ crucified, unto Jews a stumblingblock, and unto Gentiles foolishness; 24But unto them which are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God. 24but unto them that are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God.

Epistle

— Martyrs

Hebrews — Hebrews 11.33-12.2

33who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions, 33Who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions, 34quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, from weakness were made strong, waxed mighty in war, turned to flight armies of aliens. 34Quenched the violence of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant in fight, turned to flight the armies of the aliens. 35Women received their dead by a resurrection: and others were tortured, not accepting their deliverance; that they might obtain a better resurrection: 35Women received their dead raised to life again: and others were tortured, not accepting deliverance; that they might obtain a better resurrection: 36and others had trial of mockings and scourgings, yea, moreover of bonds and imprisonment: 36And others had trial of cruel mockings and scourgings, yea, moreover of bonds and imprisonment: 37They were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted, were slain with the sword: they wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented; 37they were stoned, they were sawn asunder, they were tempted, they were slain with the sword: they went about in sheepskins, in goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, ill-treated 38(Of whom the world was not worthy:) they wandered in deserts, and in mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth. 38(of whom the world was not worthy), wandering in deserts and mountains and caves, and the holes of the earth. 39And these all, having obtained a good report through faith, received not the promise: 39And these all, having had witness borne to them through their faith, received not the promise, 40God having provided some better thing concerning us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect. 40God having provided some better thing for us, that they without us should not be made perfect.

1Therefore let us also, seeing we are compassed about with so great a cloud of witnesses, lay aside every weight, and the sin which doth so easily beset us, and let us run with patience the race that is set before us,

1Wherefore seeing we also are compassed about with so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which doth so easily beset us, and let us run with patience the race that is set before us, 2looking unto Jesus the author and perfecter of our faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising shame, and hath sat down at the right hand of the throne of God. 2Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith; who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God.

Gospel

weekly cycle

Matthew — Matthew 17.10-18

10And his disciples asked him, saying, Why then say the scribes that Elias must first come? 10And his disciples asked him, saying, Why then say the scribes that Elijah must first come? 11And Jesus answered and said unto them, Elias truly shall first come, and restore all things. 11And he answered and said, Elijah indeed cometh, and shall restore all things: 12But I say unto you, That Elias is come already, and they knew him not, but have done unto him whatsoever they listed. Likewise shall also the Son of man suffer of them. 12but I say unto you, that Elijah is come already, and they knew him not, but did unto him whatsoever they would. Even so shall the Son of man also suffer of them. 13Then the disciples understood that he spake unto them of John the Baptist. 13Then understood the disciples that he spake unto them of John the Baptist.

14And when they were come to the multitude, there came to him a certain man, kneeling down to him, and saying,

14And when they were come to the multitude, there came to him a man, kneeling to him, and saying, 15Lord, have mercy on my son: for he is epileptic, and suffereth grievously; for oft-times he falleth into the fire, and oft-times into the water. 15Lord, have mercy on my son: for he is lunatick, and sore vexed: for ofttimes he falleth into the fire, and oft into the water. 16And I brought him to thy disciples, and they could not cure him. 16And I brought him to thy disciples, and they could not cure him. 17Then Jesus answered and said, O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you? how long shall I suffer you? bring him hither to me. 17And Jesus answered and said, O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you? how long shall I bear with you? bring him hither to me. 18And Jesus rebuked the devil; and he departed out of him: and the child was cured from that very hour. 18And Jesus rebuked him; and the demon went out of him: and the boy was cured from that hour.

Gospel

— Cross

John — John 19.6-11, 13-20, 25-28, 30-35

6When the chief priests therefore and officers saw him, they cried out, saying, Crucify him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Take ye him, and crucify him: for I find no fault in him. 6When therefore the chief priests and the officers saw him, they cried out, saying, Crucify him, crucify him! Pilate saith unto them, Take him yourselves, and crucify him: for I find no crime in him. 7The Jews answered him, We have a law, and by our law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God. 7The Jews answered him, We have a law, and by that law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God.

8When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he was the more afraid; 8When Pilate therefore heard this saying, he was the more afraid; 9And went again into the judgment hall, and saith unto Jesus, Whence art thou? But Jesus gave him no answer. 9and he entered into the Prætorium again, and saith unto Jesus, Whence art thou? But Jesus gave him no answer. 10Then saith Pilate unto him, Speakest thou not unto me? knowest thou not that I have power to crucify thee, and have power to release thee? 10Pilate therefore saith unto him, Speakest thou not unto me? knowest thou not that I have power to release thee, and have power to crucify thee? 11Jesus answered, Thou couldest have no power at all against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath the greater sin. 11Jesus answered him, Thou wouldest have no power against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath greater sin.

13When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he brought Jesus forth, and sat down in the judgment seat in a place that is called the Pavement, but in the Hebrew, Gabbatha. 13When Pilate therefore heard these words, he brought Jesus out, and sat down on the judgment-seat at a place called The Pavement, but in Hebrew, Gabbatha. 14And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold your King! 14Now it was the Preparation of the passover: it was about the sixth hour. And he saith unto the Jews, Behold, your King! 15But they cried out, Away with him, away with him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Shall I crucify your King? The chief priests answered, We have no king but Cæsar. 15They therefore cried out, Away with him, away with him, crucify him! Pilate saith unto them, Shall I crucify your King? The chief priests answered, We have no king but Cæsar. 16Then delivered he him therefore unto them to be crucified. And they took Jesus, and led him away. 16Then therefore he delivered him unto them to be crucified. 17And he bearing his cross went forth into a place called the place of a skull, which is called in the Hebrew Golgotha:

17They took Jesus therefore: and he went out, bearing the cross for himself, unto the place called The place of a skull, which is called in Hebrew Golgotha: 18Where they crucified him, and two other with him, on either side one, and Jesus in the midst. 18where they crucified him, and with him two others, on either side one, and Jesus in the midst. 19And Pilate wrote a title also, and put it on the cross. And there was written, JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS.

19And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross. And the writing was, JESUS OF NAZARETH THE KING OF THE JEWS. 20This title then read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city: and it was written in Hebrew, and Greek, and Latin. 20This title therefore read many of the Jews, for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city; and it was written in Hebrew, and in Latin, and in Greek.

25Now there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene.

25These things therefore the soldiers did. But there were standing by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. 26When Jesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by whom he loved, he saith unto his mother, Woman, behold, thy son! 26When Jesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by, whom he loved, he saith unto his mother, Woman, behold thy son! 27Then saith he to the disciple, Behold thy mother! And from that hour that disciple took her unto his own home. 27Then saith he to the disciple, Behold, thy mother! And from that hour the disciple took her unto his own home.

28After this, Jesus knowing that all things were now accomplished, that the scripture might be fulfilled, saith, I thirst.

28After this Jesus, knowing that all things are now finished, that the scripture might be accomplished, saith, I thirst. 30When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost. 30When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and gave up his spirit. 31The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for that sabbath day was an high day,) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.

31The Jews therefore, because it was the Preparation, that the bodies should not remain on the cross upon the sabbath (for the day of that sabbath was a high day), asked of Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away. 32Then came the soldiers, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other which was crucified with him. 32The soldiers therefore came, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other that was crucified with him: 33But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs: 33but when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs: 34But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and forthwith came there out blood and water. 34howbeit one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and straightway there came out blood and water. 35And he that saw it bare record, and his record is true: and he knoweth that he saith true, that ye might believe. 35And he that hath seen hath borne witness, and his witness is true: and he knoweth that he saith true, that ye also may believe.

Gospel

— Martyrs

Matthew — Matthew 10.32-36, 11.1

32Whosoever therefore shall confess me before men, him will I confess also before my Father which is in heaven. 32Every one therefore who shall confess me before men, him will I also confess before my Father who is in heaven. 33But whosoever shall deny me before men, him will I also deny before my Father which is in heaven. 33But whosoever shall deny me before men, him will I also deny before my Father who is in heaven. 34Think not that I am come to send peace on earth: I came not to send peace, but a sword.

34Think not that I came to send peace on the earth: I came not to send peace, but a sword. 35For I came to set a man at variance against his father, and the daughter against her mother, and the daughter in law against her mother in law: 35For I am come to set a man at variance against his father, and the daughter against her mother, and the daughter in law against her mother in law. 36And a man’s foes shall be they of his own household. 36and a man’s foes shall be they of his own household.

1And it came to pass, when Jesus had made an end of commanding his twelve disciples, he departed thence to teach and to preach in their cities.

1And it came to pass when Jesus had finished commanding his twelve disciples, he departed thence to teach and preach in their cities.

Epistle

— At the Blessing of Waters

Hebrews — Hebrews 2.11-18

11For both he that sanctifieth and they that are sanctified are all of one: for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren, 11For both he that sanctifieth and they who are sanctified are all of one: for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren, 12saying, I will declare thy name unto my brethren, In the midst of the congregation will I sing thy praise. 12Saying, I will declare thy name unto my brethren, in the midst of the church will I sing praise unto thee.

13And again, I will put my trust in him. And again, Behold, I and the children whom God hath given me. 13And again, I will put my trust in him. And again, Behold I and the children which God hath given me. 14Since then the children are sharers in flesh and blood, he also himself in like manner partook of the same; that through death he might bring to nought him that had the power of death, that is, the devil; 14Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil; 15and might deliver all them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage. 15And deliver them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage. 16For verily not to angels doth he give help, but he giveth help to the seed of Abraham. 16For verily he took not on him the nature of angels; but he took on him the seed of Abraham. 17Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people. 17Wherefore it behooved him in all things to be made like unto his brethren, that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people. 18For in that he himself hath suffered being tempted, he is able to succor them that are tempted. 18For in that he himself hath suffered being tempted, he is able to succour them that are tempted.

Gospel

— At the Blessing of Waters

John — John 5.1-4

1After this there was a feast of the Jews; and Jesus went up to Jerusalem.

1After these things there was a feast of the Jews; and Jesus went up to Jerusalem.

2Now there is in Jerusalem by the sheep gate a pool, which is called in Hebrew Bethesda, having five porches. 2Now there is at Jerusalem by the sheep market a pool, which is called in the Hebrew tongue Bethesda, having five porches. 3In these lay a great multitude of impotent folk, of blind, halt, withered, waiting for the moving of the water. 3In these lay a multitude of them that were sick, blind, halt, withered. 4For an angel went down at a certain season into the pool, and troubled the water: whosoever then first after the troubling of the water stepped in was made whole of whatsoever disease he had. 4